Pest control is carried out, mainly, by insecticide and chemical acaricide spraying. Protective chemicals in plant epidermal glands and appendages stipanovic, robert d. Plantinsect interactions ecology oxford bibliographies. Many of the book s references have never before appeared in a volume on this subject. Several major concepts and issues that become key themes for the rest of the book are discussed in this chapter. Examines the molecular biology and genetics of insect resistance in crop plants, and insect genes capable of overcoming resistance to form insect biophytes. Genes for insect resistance from various sources 3. Plant resistance to insects is a natural phenomenon based on plant selfdefense mechanisms. Plantinsect interactions, hostplant resistance, and integrated pest management. Resistance morphological resistance hairs, spines, hook, sticky glands, immobilizing insects or puncturing their body wall chemical resistance various toxic compounds mechanical resistance. Place of publication not identified american chemical society 1983 dlc 82022622. Regulation of synthesis and accumulation of proteinase.
Chapman she organized, in 1978, the fourth international symposium on plantinsect interactions and edited the resultant book on that topic. The 23rd biannual international plant resistance to insects. Types and mechanisms of host plant resistance to insect. Resistance incorporated in a variety against different environmental stresses like insects, diseases, nematodes, heat, drought, cold, etc.
Methods described include direct behavioral observation. Free entomology books download ebooks online textbooks. This conference will explore areas of host plant resistance to insects from major angles. Management of insect pests by plant resistance cornell. Section 1 covers different aspects of insecticide resistance of selected economically important plant insect pests, whereas section 2 includes chapters about the importance, development and insecticide resistance management in controlling malaria vectors. Role of insect resistance in plants linkedin slideshare.
The philanthus aviporus, the great peacock or emperor. In the method of embryo culture, hybrid embryos with interspecific features are produced by transferring genes coding for insect resistance obtained from wild species introduced into plants chosen for cultivation. Of the expressions of plant resistance that are chemical, the socalled secondary plant compounds appear to be dominant. The global scenario of crop damage inflicted by insects is a matter of serious concern. Discusses how to identify and develop plant materials with resistance to insect pests. Association of plant hairs and insect resistance download. The authoritative overviews in this volume provide a wealth of practical information on current approaches to the study of insectplant interactions. The fable of the cigale and the ant, the cigale leaves its burrow, the song of the cigale, the cigale. In most cases they modify or control insect growth, development, and reproduction, but others such as the antifeedants modify behavior. Download association of plant hairs and insect resistance or read online books in pdf, epub, tuebl, and mobi format. Induced resistance for plant defense wiley online books. Covers terminology and categories of resistance, and. During plant domestication, some important features of plant resistance may be inadvertantly removed by the breeders, increasing their susceptibility.
The authors systematically discuss techniques used to evaluate different types of insect behavior and plant morphological and phytochemical factors responsible for plant resistance and susceptibility to insects. Oct 16, 2007 insect resistant crops have been one of the major successes of applying plant genetic engineering technology to agriculture. Insect resistant crop varieties offer the promise of environmentally compatible pest management and inexpensive crop insurance for resourcepoor farmers. The first transgenic crop plants showing insect resistance were grown commercially with modification of the cry gene isolated from b. The research proposed here will add to our knowledge of the plant traits conferring resistance to the major insect pests of potato and will contribute to efforts to make resistant varieties available to potato farmers worldwide. For example, plant resistance to insects is compatible with insecticide use, while biological control is not. To help you enjoy going outdoors, try strategically placing insect repelling plants in your garden or on your patio. Insectplant interactions james ray miller, thomas a. The broad coverage includes crop plant and insect diversity, mechanisms of insectplant interactions, host plant selection, components of resistance, the biochemical basis for resistance, mechanisms of resistance, factors affecting expression of resistance, screening techniques for resistance, the. Covers terminology and categories of resistance, and presents techniques for studying plant resistance. As aphids and other hemipterous insects are major insect vectors, the book stresses on this order. Host plant resistance to the european corn borer insect. Plant resistance to insect pests has advantages over other direct control tactics. There is a commonality between plant defenses responses to parasitic pathogens and insects.
However, because of their age or multipleauthorship, they. Neuware resistance to insect is the inheritable property that enables a plant to inhibit the growth of insect population or to recover from injury caused by populations that were not inhibited to grow. The genetic basis of plant resistanc e was elucidated b y h. The few books that specifically ad dress insect resistance in plants serve as excellent reference books. The broad coverage includes crop plant and insect diversity, mechanisms of insectplant interactions, host plant selection, components of resistance, the biochemical basis for resistance, mechanisms of resistance, factors affecting expression of resistance, screening techniques for resistance, the role of insect. Function and chemistry of plant trichomes and glands in insect resistance. Introduction like disease, insects are important causal factors of biotic stress in crop plants. Insect resistance refers to crops that either naturally or through genetic engineering are able to resist insect damage. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. This book contains 20 chapters, which are divided into 5 sections. The authors systematically discuss techniques used to evaluate different types of insect behavior and plant morphological and phytochemical factors responsible for. This book presents a broad overview of host plant resistance to insect pests.
Plant tolerance and plant resistance are ways that plants deal with stressors in their environment. Resistance and tolerance are plants best defense mechanisms. It also provides an overview of the fascinating field of insect plant relationships, which is fundamental to the study of host plant resistance to. The ecology section includes chapters that describe plantinsect interactions at a higher level, including multitrophic interactions, investigations of the costbenefit paradigm and the altitudinal nichebreadth hypothesis, and a reevaluation of coevolution in the light of recent molecular research. Advances in breeding crops resistant to insect pests. Plant resistance to a herbivore results from the expression by the plant of resistancerelated traits that interfere with one or more aspects of the herbivores complex interaction with the plant. Also gives consideration to potentially resistant material.
During sporulation, insecticidal protein crystals called bt toxins were produced by this. However, the use of chemical pest control can cause severe damage to the environment, biological imbalances and deleterious effects on farmers and consumer health, as well as increased production costs. It presents the agroecological and evolutionary aspects of plantinsect interactions with an. Techniques for evaluating insect resistance in crop plants. Mass culturing of phytophagous insects for host plant resistance studies. Insects attack all the crop plants and lead to considerable losses in yield as well as quality. Protective chemicals in plant epidermal glands and appendages. Molecular host plant resistance to pests download ebook.
Understanding and managing insect resistance as it evolves in pest populations are complicated processes. Tomato breeding for insectpest resistance intechopen. Painter published his book insect resistance in crop plants in 1951. The tomato is susceptible to pest attacks that can lead to damages throughout the crop cycle. Mar 23, 2016 plant tolerance and plant resistance are ways that plants deal with stressors in their environment. Principles of hostplant resistance to insect pests book. Jul 29, 2016 the mechanism by which specific plant resistance traits deter herbivore feeding is likely to vary with the stage of insect establishment that they influence. Principles of hostplant resistance to insect pests. Examines the molecular biology and genetics of insect resistance in crop plants, and insect genes capable of overcoming. It shows how plants can defend themselves naturally and how insects have adapted.
Examples of the effects of both nonpreference and antibiosis resistance on insect numbers are given. Stout, louisiana state university agricultural centre, usa. As an integrated pest management tactic, hostplant resistance entails the intentional use of resistant crop varieties, alone or in combination. From experience with insect resistance caused by synthetic chemical insecticides, it is clear that no single management tactic can provide lasting solutions to the insect pest problem. Current understanding of the genomic, genetic, and molecular. The first synthesis book on plantherbivore interactions mostly focused on plant resistance, emphasizing ecological and evolutionary bases of resistance. Plant genetic engineering technology offers the opportunity to develop insectresistant crops by the insertion and expression of genes showing resistance to insect pests. Download pdf plant breeding for pest and disease resistance. Here, we summarize traits that are known to promote crop resistance to herbivores by 1 deterring pest landing, 2 preventing attachment and feeding, and 3 reducing plant palatability. Bernays moved to berkeley, where she works on a variety of topics in plantinsect interactions.
I would argue that host plant resistance to insect pests really got going after dr. It also provides an overview of the fascinating field of insect plant relationships, which is fundamental to the study of host plant resistance to insects. The insect resistance was also found to be significantly improved in the case of transgenic maize plant. Insect resistant crops generally produce compounds that are toxic to insects that attempt to eat the resistant plants. Mar 24, 2014 the ecology section includes chapters that describe plant insect interactions at a higher level, including multitrophic interactions, investigations of the costbenefit paradigm and the altitudinal nichebreadth hypothesis, and a reevaluation of coevolution in the light of recent molecular research. The generation of insect resistant plants which are homozygous is made possible with this method. Proceedings of the international symposium on methodologies for developing host plant resistance to maize insects, cimmyt, mexico, 914 march 1987. Epg technique is a potent technique to investigate the specifics of plant resistance to piercingsucking insects. Experimental techniques in hostplant resistance akshay kumar. Insect control is serious and greatest challenge for agricultural crops. Development of insect resistant maize plants expressing a. Based on a symposium sponsored by the acs division of pesticide chemistry at the 183rd meeting of the american chemical society, las vagas, nevada, march 28april 2, 1982. Plant resistance is specific, only affecting the target pest.
Economic investigations of the scolytid bark and timber beetles of north america. The mechanisms underlying plant resistance to invading herbivores on the one side, and insect food specialization on the other, are the main subjects of this book. Status of host plant resistance to insect pests in the. Insect resistance management irm is the scientific approach to preventing or delaying pest evolution and its negative impacts on agriculture, public health, and veterinary issues. Click download or read online button to get association of plant hairs and insect resistance book now. Section 3 is dedicated to some general questions in insecticide. In this article we will discuss about the insect resistance in plants.
The mechanism by which specific plant resistance traits deter herbivore feeding is likely to vary with the stage of insect establishment that they influence. Based on evolutionary concept sympatric resistance. Induced resistance for plant defense 2e provides a comprehensive account of the subject, encompassing the underlying science and methodology, as well as research on application of the phenomenon in. Secondary plant metabolites for insect resistance 4. The book disease and insect resistance in plants covers in detail the principles and practices of conventional plant breeding as well as newer and recent biotechnological tools such as markerassisted selection and transgenic crops. Acquired by coevolution of plant and insect gene for gene. Provides the practical aspects of hostplant resistance hpr.
Insects, mites, and ticks have a long history of evolving resistance to pesticides, hostplant resistance, crop rotation, pathogens, and parasitoids. Induced resistance offers the prospect of broad spectrum, longlasting and potentially environmentallybenign disease and pest control in plants. Jul 17, 2018 in addition, handling artificial infection and scoring germplasmbreeding lines for diseases resistance is much easier than dealing with insects. It results from insectplant coevolution and is crucial for their coexistence. Disease and insect resistance in plants book, 2005. Plant resistance to insects is not density dependent, whereas biological control is. Modern agriculture provides novel solutions to age old problems. The 23rd biannual international plant resistance to. At the most basic level, the difference between tolerance and resistance is related to how the plant defends itself. Overviews of biochemical, genetic, and molecular perspectives of plantinsect interactions with added emphasis on bioinformatic, genomic, and transcriptome analysis are comprehensively treated in this book. Breeding insect resistant crops for sustainable agriculture. Lecture 16 host plant resistance definition types and.
Plant resistance to insects acs symposium series acs. Monitoring this probing behavior is critical in understanding the localization of plant defenses and to determine how plants engage their defense. Electrical penetration graph epg as a tool to study plantinsect interactions. It also describes screening and breeding for insect resistance. It also provides an overview of the fascinating field of insectplant relationships, which is fundamental to the study of hostplant resistance to insects. Plant insect interactions, host plant resistance, and integrated pest management. It shows how plants can defend themselves naturally and how insects have adapted to overcome these mechanisms through coevolution. It represents a major advanced textbook for entomologists, plant breeders and all concerned with crop protection.
The history and philosophy of insect resistance management irm are explored. Insect resistance in plants genetics biology discussion. In the case of tolerance, the plant has strategies that helps it to. Status of host plant resistance to insect pests in the arab. There is a focus on the transmission of determinants under different categories of the transmission mechanism. This study is the first attempt to improve the maize productivity in egyptian maize varieties so that farmers will get maximum benefits by protecting the crops in the field as well as during storage of grains.
Essential oils in these plants act as natures bug repellent. Host plant resistance to insects in searchworks catalog. Genetic factors affecting expession and stability of resistance. Environmental factors influencing the magnitude and expression of resistance. Insectresistant crops generally produce compounds that are toxic to insects that attempt to eat the resistant plants. The eggs and their hatching, the mantis, the golden gardener, the field cricket, the italian cricket, the sisyphus beetle, the instinct of paternity, a beehunter. It results from insect plant coevolution and is crucial for their coexistence. Bulletin of the esc, insect resistance management, second edition this updated editionis an excellent overview of irm. Pdf advances in breeding for resistance to insects. Examines the molecular biology and genetics of insect resistance in crop plants, and insect genes capable of overcoming discusses how to identify and develop plant materials with. For insects these include food plant selection and the complex sensory processes involved, with their implications for learning and nutritional physiology, as well as the. In addition, handling artificial infection and scoring germplasmbreeding lines for diseases resistance is much easier than dealing with insects.